Metabolismo del hierro
Déficit de hierro

Metabolismo del hierro

El metabolismo del hierro es un proceso sumamente eficiente, ya que la mayor parte del hierro necesario para la eritropoyesis es reciclado por los macrófagos a partir de glóbulos rojos envejecidos o dañados.

La gestión y la administración del hierro están estrechamente reguladas para garantizar un equilibrio adecuado entre la oferta y la demanda de este mineral. Las necesidades diarias de hierro se cubren mediante su captación por los enterocitos (1-2 mg), por los macrófagos que lo reciclan (20-25 mg) y por los tejidos de almacenamiento. La ingesta alimentaria debe cubrir las necesidades fisiológicas normales de una dieta equilibrada 5, 10

No obstante, en ocasiones es necesario un aporte adicional de hierro para satisfacer una mayor demanda de hierro o para compensar pérdidas de hierro, como ocurre durante el embarazo, la lactancia, la infancia, la pubertad o las hemorragias (por ejemplo, durante la menstruación). En tales situaciones, como pérdida crónica de sangre o incremento de la eritropoyesis, puede ser necesaria la administración de suplementos de hierro.5

El metabolismo del hierro consta de varios procesos importantes10 :

  • Absorción del hierro en el duodeno.
  • Transporte del hierro a las células y tejidos.
  • Almacenamiento del hierro en forma de ferritina
  • Reciclaje del hierro tras la degradación eritrocitaria.
Visite el Atlas del Hierro y aprenda sobre el metabolismo de este mineral
Representación esquemática de la transformación del hierro

Absoluter Eisenmangel

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Referencias

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Iron Metabolism | Ferinject Latam
Iron metabolism is a very efficient process, with most iron required for erythropoiesis being recycled by macrophages from aged or damaged red blood cells.